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To characterize SCAP by surface molecules, we used flow cytometric analysis to demonstrate that SCAP at passage 1 expressed many surface markers including STRO-1, ALP, CD24, CD29, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD106, CD146, CD166 and ALP but were negative for CD34, CD45, CD18 and CD150 (Figure 3A).
These data suggest that SCAP release trophic factors that act on afferent neurons to enhance cold-sensitive ion channel activity.
We hypothesized that SCAP modulate nociceptive function through a paracrine mechanism that activates cold-sensitive ion channels in neurons.
Thus, there must exist (1 le t le k) such that (#(Scap Y_{i_t}) = l ne m = #(S' cap Y_{i_t})).
These data support the notion that SCAP are a unique population of postnatal stem cells.
Collectively, these studies suggested that SCAP are a unique population of postnatal stem cells distinct from DPSC.
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Diverse studies have proved that SCAPs are able to differentiate into osteo/odontoblasts in vitro under appropriate conditions and form bone/dentin-like tissues in vivo [ 24, 25].
TEM analysis illustrated that SCAPs possessed the poorly developed cytoplasmic organelles and a high nucleus/cytoplasm ratio that were both the typical ultrastructural features of stem cells).
Furthermore, the strong expression of CD24 (pluripotency marker) and DSPP supports the concept that SCAPs are the best candidate for tooth regeneration and rehabilitation of damage [ 9– 11].
Immunocytochemistry analysis showed that SCAPs were stained positively for the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) surface molecule STRO-1), but negatively for epithelial cell marker cytokeratin).
In summary, through the application of mechanical stress to SCAPs, this study demonstrates that SCAPs are capable of detecting, transducing, and responding phenotypically to a biomechanical stimulus, which reflects that mechanical force is a feasible way for orthodontic treatment.
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