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Surface attachment to host cells is the previous step required for invasion.
Cell surface attachment structures contribute to biofilm formation and xylem colonization by Erwinia amylovora.
Two dyes with different surface attachment chemistries were used.
C. crescentus thus repurposes pilus retraction, typically used for surface motility, for surface attachment.
In this case, it seems difficult to discern the specific contribution of cell surface attachment to pathogenesis.
Type IV pili (Tfp) are prokaryotic retractable appendages known to mediate surface attachment, motility, and subsequent clustering of cells.
Surface-activated virulence requires quorum sensing, but activating quorum sensing does not induce virulence without surface attachment.
Adhesive, any substance that is capable of holding materials together in a functional manner by surface attachment that resists separation.
Prion infection in vitro includes sequential steps of cell surface attachment, internalization, establishment of productive infection and sustained infection over multiple cell divisions.
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The importance of the first attachment step was confirmed by experiments with surface attachment-defective (sad) mutant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are unable to form biofilms [ 21].
Conventional surface immobilization approaches were also tested including SMCC-activated (SMCC 6) and NHS-activated (NHS 7) covalent attachment, as well as noncovalent amine-surface attachment (Amine 8).
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