Probability assessment by RepCheck indicates that 61.1% (55/90) of these internal repeats were unlikely to occur by chance (supplementary table S3, Supplementary Material online).
Results remained consistent, in that for all phyla, GC-contents significantly correlated with those of other phyla much more frequently than expected by chance (supplementary table S3, Supplementary Material online).
In other words, the GC-content of third-codon positions of 4-fold degenerate codons within protein-coding genes is correlated between phyla across environments much more frequently than the 5% expected by chance (supplementary table S2, Supplementary Material online).
In the case of Antp, however, two of four old target sites have not been conserved more than expected by chance (supplementary table S2 B, Supplementary Material online).
In the other six Drosophila species, the number of cases of adjacent intron pair loss was not different from random chance (supplementary fig. S1 F, Supplementary Material online).
Pairs with low exchangeability may show extremely high correlations by chance (Supplementary Fig. S1A).
Instead the distributions of test statistics are consistent with that expected by chance (Supplementary Material, Fig. S3).
In fact, in all the examined neuronal tissues, this group of 87 proteins is heavily edited, significantly higher than expected by chance (Supplementary file 1J).
Eleven of 18 signals had effects in the same direction as in the discovery dataset (binomial P-value = 0.48, given we expect 50% of signals to be in the same direction by chance; Supplementary Table I).
For these participants, we counted the number of voxels within the mask responding to (i) both contrasts, (ii) feature type only, (iii) difficulty only and (iv) neither contrast, in order to establish whether the number of voxels showing effects of both contrasts was greater than would be expected by chance (supplementary materials; Table S7).
E chinococcus multilocularis orthologs of G. salaris genes, which contained introns falling into either the short or the long length mode, were more likely themselves to contain introns of the corresponding short/long mode in E. multilocularis than expected by chance (see supplementary file S1, Section D and supplementary file S2, table S8, Supplementary Material online).
