Another reason for resistance is that, in order for Chrudzimski's argument to go through, a rather substantial assumption about truthmaking needs to be accepted.
But this is a very substantial assumption, and it has been contested by appeal to an influencial account of the metaphysics of personal identity over time, the psychological continuity account.
In the case of ME normativity, the arguments may be more or less direct, depending on more or less substantial assumptions about meaning.
The second set is less deeply 'philosophical' (or 'comprehensive'), and encompasses arguments from the requirements of justice, independent from substantial assumptions about culture and cultural values.
They are quite general, though not fully general since some substantial assumptions (that need not be specified here) must be made to derive them; however, a large class of important systems satisfy those assumptions.
In Hasok Chang's account of early thermometry (Chang 2004), the problem was eventually solved by using a "principle of minimalist overdetermination", whose goal it was to find a reliable thermometer while making as few substantial assumptions (e.g., about the form for f) as possible.
As discussed by Burnett et al. [19], combining data from different exposure sources requires substantial assumptions, which stresses the need for more studies in high exposure regions such as China to better establish the risk magnitude.
On one end of the spectrum are arguments that turn on the idea that there are direct conceptual entailments from meaning statements to normative consequences; on the other end are arguments that depend on substantial theoretical assumptions about meaning.
As previously mentioned, the few V. fischeri cells initiating the response are not growing during the early hours of the association examined here, and the dilution effect of the flow field around the cilia to which they are attached is a mystery; thus, even back-of-the envelope calculations based on LPS release in culture require substantial, unsupported, assumptions be made.
The humanities over the past century have witnessed the so-called linguistic turn, the semiotic turn, and the cultural turn, all of which operate on assumptions about the substantial and substantializing power of language as opposed to the materiality of cultural representation.
It remains defensible that the Dutch Book argument shows that the probability axioms are something like consistency constraints on partial belief, at least given some substantial decision-theoretic assumptions, unlike the idea that their violation is a pragmatic liability.
