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Strong preferred orientation of hcp-AlN (002) was discovered for AlN films with lower oxygen contamination.
For TiN/Ag, in spite of the much smaller lattice mismatch (3.6%), no strong preferred orientations were observed for Λ>20 nm.
XRD was used to determine the phase composition, and a strong preferred orientation of the TiN(111), TiN 200), WN(107) and WN(220) planes was detected.
The Gd layer obtained at Vb = 150 V had a strong preferred (110) orientation and a dense structure with the highest residual stress (− 5.8 GPa) and argon content (∼ 3 at.%), while layers fabricated under zero bias or under Vb = 450 V had a strong preferred (002) orientation and a less dense structure with lower stress (≤ − 2 GPa) and lower argon content (∼ 0.5 1 at.%).
One of the principal characteristics of most metamorphic rocks is that the arrangement of crystals is not isotropic, or random, but that there is a strong preferred orientation related to the direction of stress components of pressure.
It was indicated that all of the electrodeposits exhibited a strong preferred (111), (220) crystal orientation, and the (220) crystal orientation became strong along with electroplating time and current density, but weak with the proportion of AlCl3 in baths.
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Respondents indicated strong preferences for preferring to travel by car than public transportation, yet a majority indicated that they agreed that they care about environmental issues.
X-ray diffraction analysis showed that there is a strong (111) preferred orientation of CdTe growth.
Films with phase chalcopyrite structure and strong (1 1 2) preferred orientation were produced.
The results showed that both the TiCN and TiN coatings had a strong (111) preferred orientation.
An austenitic fcc structure with strong (111) preferred orientation was found for the 316-L films grown under ion bombardment.
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