A one-tailed chi-square test on the difference between the probability of the predicted value before and after the employment of the rule is used to determine the statistical significance of these rules (Stockwell and Peters 1999).
Such is the political significance of parking rules that Mr. Bloomberg said in a statement, "I am happy to say that we can reduce the frequency of alternate side regulations while still maintaining our record high levels of clean streets".
"Buchanan's foremost achievement," it said, "is that he has consistently and tenaciously emphasized the significance of fundamental rules and applied the concept of the political system as an exchange process for the achievement of mutual advantages".
The significance of the rules does not depend on whether, in the Court's words, they 'confer important procedural benefits upon individuals.' but rather on the fact that they are designed to elicit information crucial to determining whether in light of congressional policies a particular factual situation warrants the grant of a temporary authority.
With a level significance of 10%, rules correlates as expected negatively with operating expenses.22 The already mentioned path dependency appears present on both sides of the budget.
The negative logarithm of the p-value of a rule under a given condition reflects the significance of the rule.
While Mr. Trump has spoken often of the significance of the rule of law, his actions have raised questions about his commitment to hallmarks of the American system like due process, equal protection under the law, independence of judicial proceedings from political considerations, and respect for orders from the courts.
While the reversal makes a retrial legally feasible, though unlikely, in truth the Supreme Court's judgment simply underscores the significance of a rule in white-collar cases: a jury cannot properly convict without first being required to conclude that a defendant had intended to engage in wrongdoing.
The special significance of meaning-rules and their relation to the meanings of expressions appears when special languages are taken into account, namely closed and connected.
The significance of the rule of law for republican liberty was discussed above; in the classical republican tradition, this was expressed as the "empire of law" ideal the notion that in a free republic laws, not men, rule.
The judges on the panel, all of whom were Republican appointees, discounted the significance of the rule.
