This period of disintegration was crystallized with the decline of many of the country's remaining institutions, and in 1987 the collapse of the Lebanese pound which had demonstrated a surprising resiliency throughout the first 10 years of the war led to a period of profound economic hardship and inflation.
During his time working in the village, Dr. Zhou gained profound empathy for the hardships experienced by farmers.
However, it generated immense hardship and created profound social divisions: the well-off benefited because investments became cheaper, but the bulk of the population suffered.
Charles was nine years old when his father died aged 44 and their mother failed to qualify for a pension; understandably, the hardships of this childhood had a profound effect in politicising the family, although with different approaches.
The disaster left more than 28 000 people dead or missing, caused great damage or hardship in daily life, and also caused profound stress for all of the people, even those who did not suffer individual losses.
No wonder the authors argue: "the sheer breadth of the problem, spanning key industries in the economy, as well as its profound impact on workers and their communities, entailing significant economic hardship, demands urgent attention".
Add to that a profound faith, abundant humor, remarkable sensitivity, perseverance in the presence of hardship, amazing adaptability and enormous caring and support from others, and this revered culture will undoubtedly recover its exquisite beauty and charm.
But while jellyfish invasions are a nuisance to tourists and a hardship to fishermen, for scientists they are a source of more profound alarm, a signal of the declining health of the world's oceans.
As described in Mahayana sutras, it begins with the profound awakening of the mind aspiring for enlightenment (bodhicitta), the determination to become a buddha whatever hardships one may encounter over the course of many lifetimes of endeavor.
Negative, neutral and mixed trajectories were typically characterised by increasing or continued hardship and instability across multiple domains, resulting in feelings of social devaluation, feeling trapped and a profound lack of autonomy (as described in the previous analysis of our baseline narratives).
