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As a result, the method can keep the system a low phase noise level with a higher input power, which overcomes the conventional drawback of linewidth broadening.
Figure 10 Typical phase noise level in modern synthesisers.
The figure displays the phase noise level at 100 Hz from the carrier.
The next step is to estimate the leakage signal phase noise level.
For the expected FSR Doppler frequency range, which is below 10 Hz (Table 3), curves in Figure 10 can be extrapolated back towards the carrier (continuing the slope at –30 dB per decade) so that, for the frequency offset of 1 10 Hz, we can expect the phase noise level to be between –20 and –50 dBc/Hz for 20 GHz and –60 and –90 dBc/Hz at 500 MHz.
We measured our system phase noise level to be 0.065 rad by measuring the standard deviation of the phase of a stationary mirror as a target.
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When employing 64 QAM, very low phase noise levels are required to limit EVM - i.e. less than −117 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from f = 20 GHz.
The phase noise levels are −87 dBc/Hz, −113 dBc/Hz, −137 dBc/Hz, and −152 dBc/Hz at 10 Hz, 100 Hz, 1 kHz, and 10 kHz frequency offset of 26 MHz AT-cut crystal, respectively.
With a reference frequency of 32.768 MHz, chip measurement results show that the frequency tuning range is 5.7 6.0 GHz, the reference spur is −68 dBc, the phase noise levels are −109 dBc/Hz and −135 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz and 10 MHz offset respectively for 5.835 GHz.
In Figure 10, the typical phase noise levels at the synthesiser output are shown for various carrier frequencies.
In fact, the variability of PERG signal has been evaluated in several studies: Bowd et al. [ 16] studied medium amplitudes and phases, their noise level, SNR, within-subject variability, CV, and ICC PERGLA recordings for within and between trials.
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