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Hundreds of millions of its people have been dragged out of subsistence into the middle class.
If subsistence farming is systematically underestimated, some of what looks like growth as an economy moves out of subsistence may merely reflect a shift to something that is easier to capture statistically.
The shortage of electricity is a major reason the country has not been able to establish the kind of manufacturing base it needs to pull hundreds of millions out of subsistence farming, as its neighbor China has done.
There's also a status issue quinoa was once a subsistence product, and when people pull out of subsistence mode, there's a tendency to switch to higher-status foods, even if they're less healthy.
Migration is a necessary means of lifting rural households out of subsistence farming and at the same time giving the younger generation an economic opportunity that the older generation was deprived.
Commercialization of agriculture, the development of labour-intensive agro-industries and an active food system, supported by an appropriate policy environment, provide the only way out of subsistence agriculture and allow communities and governments to generate the wealth required to pay for needed social and infrastructural improvements.
Similar(54)
Ordinary people increasingly shut out from the means of subsistence; a rich and powerful minority privatising and extracting rent from common resources – it is 800 years this week since the sealing in London's St Paul's Cathedral of the Charter of the Forest and these were the grievances it addressed.
She knew if she were caught smuggling out the means of subsistence, she would be arrested.
Halshka Graczyk understood that poverty-stricken Mongolians many of them women and children had turned to small-scale gold mining as a way of eking out a subsistence living, but she was concerned about the dangerous working conditions that many of the miners faced, including exposure to toxic levels of mercury.
For migrant workers like Xu Hanping and Gao Jianjun a laoban meant a connection to coveted construction jobs, and their only sure shot out of a livelihood of subsistence farming.
At first glance, the remote villages of the Kabre people of northern Togo appear to have all the trappings of a classic "out of the way" African culture—subsistence farming, straw-roofed houses, and rituals to the spirits and ancestors.
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