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Obviously, deviating from the optimal expenditure level in any way would reduce the firm's returns.
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The strategy of each player is represented by the optimal power expenditure, where is the maximum power expenditure over subcarrier n by terminal k.
However, the optimal espionage expenditure is less than the level that minimizes congestion.
It seems reasonable to suppose, for instance, that reducing the optimal total expenditure by 10% should result in less attractive ROIs than reducing it by 5%.
Numerical simulations report that the optimal preventive expenditure shares for maximizing economic growth and social welfare would be 0.0119 and 0.0203, respectively, instead of the 0.0027 that is actually allocated as Fig. 1(a) and (b) show.
Parker et al.'s [ 17] evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) models were originally derived to determine optimal sperm expenditure in external spawners, but they have been equally applied to internally fertilizing species in which ejaculates compete in a fair raffle, i.e. in which fertilization success is proportional to the number of sperm transferred [ 20, 39].
Third, higher mitigation expenditures may arise not only as a result of greater optimal adaptation expenditures, but also because of increased adaptation to the incentives for mitigation provided by richer countries.
A note on the progressivity of optimal public expenditures.
Therefore, in this case, the spatial problem of finding optimal-energy expenditure paths transforms into a broader problem of finding the most comfortable path for locomotion.
We study the interdependence of optimal tax and expenditure policies.
It describes and compares the practices by which eight governments apply differential subsidies, and then summarizes guidelines for their design that can be inferred from optimal tax and expenditure theory.
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