In 1681 Louis XIV of France seized the city in peacetime and obtained ratification for his arbitrary action by the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697).
In 1988, he led the successful effort in the Senate to obtain ratification of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty.
Following Massachusetts' lead, the Federalist minorities in both Virginia and New York were able to obtain ratification in convention by linking ratification to recommended amendments.
In the days immediately after a tentative agreement is reached, company officials often hesitate to talk about what they gained for fear of angering union members and thus making it harder to obtain ratification.
But it has not come into force; the Senate rejected ratification in 1999, and while President Obama has promised to obtain ratification, he has not shown enough urgency in doing so.
Six nations now have signed the agreement; 10 ratifications are needed for it to come into force.
The E.R.A. was sent to the states for ratification, but it would fall short of the three-fourths approval needed.
"These waiver agreements are important to us and important to Congress when it comes time for ratification, and it is certainly something that will be looked at when it comes to ratification," the official said.
In early 1872, Macdonald submitted the treaty for ratification, and it passed the Commons with a majority of 66.
Hamilton's arguments used for the ratifications were largely iterations of work from The Federalist Papers, and Smith eventually went for ratification, though it was more out of necessity than Hamilton's rhetoric.
President Clinton never submitted it to the Senate for ratification, however, because it was clear that the Senate was not going to pass it.
