Sentence examples for Obligatory exchange from inspiring English sources

In contrast, 18F-FAMT is incorporated into cancer cells solely via LAT-1, which functions as a bi-directional transporter with an obligatory exchange mechanism [5,23].

As before, the obligatory exchange model could not represent the experimental data (R = −0.14).

Alternatively, endogenous amino acids may be intrinsically present inside plasma membrane vesicles sufficient to enable obligatory exchange.

Overall, the experimental data were in poor agreement with model predictions for obligatory exchange across all 8 experimental conditions (Fig. 3 D F ).

The obligatory exchange mechanism was predicted to equilibrate buffer composition through 1 1 bidirectional exchange resulting in the same proportion, but different absolute levels of [C] l-serine, dependent on the concentration of l-serine added inside the vesicle.

We observed time-dependent uptake of [C] l-serine into MVM vesicles in the absence of exogenous intravesicular amino acid (experiments 1, 2, and 5), which is incompatible with the concept of obligatory exchange (Fig. 2 D ).

After a pause, processive stepping could only resume once the kinesin molecule took an obligatory, terminal backstep, exchanging the positions of its front and rear heads, presumably to allow release of the bound analog from the new front head.

After exchanging the obligatory "hello" and "goodnight" he gestured at the video monitors and whispered to me, "Just watch.

The mixed transport model predicted that a high outwardly directed l-serine concentration gradient would elicit overshoot curve; this was not predicted to occur if exchange was fully obligatory.

Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) are obligatory components of signaling cascades regulated by small GTP-binding proteins (called small G proteins hereafter).

This article reviews the growing number of field studies which indicate that natural hybridization in T. cruzi may be frequent, non-obligatory and idiosyncratic; potentially involving independent exchange of kinetoplast and nuclear genetic material as well as canonical meiotic mechanisms.