Exact(2)
It will often happen that C is a mixed cause of E relative to a population P, while being a positive cause, negative cause, or causally neutral for E in various subpopulations of P. Further Reading: Eells (1991), chapter 1. for discussion of this issue.
On the other hand, Eells' population-relative formulation allows us to make more precise causal claims: in the population as a whole, smoking is a mixed cause of lung cancer; in the sub-population of individuals who lack the gene, smoking is a positive cause of lung cancer; in the sub-population consisting of individuals who possess the gene, smoking is a negative cause of lung cancer.
Similar(58)
So does Frey draw the negative cause-and-effect conclusions that James R. does, and that would support his citing this article in his favor?
They are negative causes of certain starting ideas or design steps, which might have been omitted during the design process.
The neutrality of social media, however, is not measured by its deployment to "positive" or "negative" causes.
Unfortunately, an obtuse Sen. Chuck Grassley turned these judicial successes into a negative cause-célèbre, by asking Attorney General Eric Holder for the names of individuals who conducted or aided in their defense.
This caused another 6% of false negatives (cause 4) because the matching algorithm processed medication names and their attributes separately.
A smaller number of false negatives caused some people to acquire AIDS from transfusions of blood that they thought was safe.
In other words, the diagnostic was hardly definitive, and both false positives and false negatives caused a lot of frustration among breast cancer patients.
Because many trees show small negative growth rates caused by slight errors in dbh measurement, excluding or altering negatives causes considerable bias when growth rates are low (Condit et al. [1993]).
FDG, however, is not tumour-specific and various image interpretation pitfalls may occur due to false-positive and false-negative causes of FDG uptake.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com