Population slowdown following the end of the LGM may have occurred by an extinction of local or island populations owing to a reduction in suitable habitats and formed the contemporary pattern of geographic distribution.
Figure 3A shows that increasing the variance in immigration rates, keeping the expected rate constant, can have a substantial effect on the degree of local adaptation in the island population.
Although cat mortality does impact the local albatross population on Guadalupe Island, the entire Guadalupe Island population comprises <0.02% of the worldwide population (approximately 400 of 2.5 million birds), with >99% breeding on islands with no known introduced predators (excluding the house mouse (Mus musculus), which is not known to prey on Laysan albatross, but see [28]) (Figure 4).
Now even some less political types on this island, population 40,000, wonder if they were not better off before "Corelli," living mainly off shipping and the export of olive oil and Robolo, the local white wine.
This calculation should be less than the island population.
The island population was only 300 residents.
This will be addressed in a companion paper exploring the possible role of local adaptation in causing color variation among different island populations of P. erhardii (Marshall K, unpublished).
The evolution of island populations in natural systems is driven by local adaptation and genetic drift.
In the present study we demonstrate that island populations with low Wolbachia infection frequencies are able to maintain local adaptation in the face of migration better than can island populations with an infection.
To prevent stalling in local minima in the fitness landscape, the island model of parallelization is used where the population was split across 4 equally sized island populations.
All the outer island populations share mtDNA haplotypes with the granitic islands populations.
