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Figure 5b shows the corresponding first derivative of the reflectance (R) with respect to wavelength λ (i.e., dR / dλ), where the peak wavelength is characterized to be the absorption edge of the samples.
Data is characterized to be heterogeneous, incomplete and usually involves a huge amount of records.
The type-A GaAs surface is characterized to be Ga-rich, while the type-B surface is As-rich [42].
Within each layer the soil is characterized to be isotropic, homogenous and have the same structural and material properties, while these properties vary for different layers.
Normal absorptance of the fabricated solar absorber is characterized to be higher than 0.9 in the UV, visible and, near infrared (IR) regime, while the mid-IR emittance is around 0.2.
The equilibrium ratio constant is between 0.15 and 0.21 for the cases in which the polymer is characterized to be in the glassy state, and between 0.06 and 0.1 for the case in which the polymer passes the glass-rubber transition.
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All class I transporters characterized to date are targeted to the tonoplast (Pardo et al. [2006]).
I characterize multipolarity to be a 'contestation' paradigm that should challenge both unipolarity and the old déclassé bipolarity.
Type I alexithymia is thought to be characterized by a general lack of responsiveness to emotion at any level, whereas in type II alexithymia, basic responses to affective stimuli are assumed to be intact, whereas the ability to cognitively access and verbalize them is impaired [45].
A novel structure of a 1 1 4-cyanopyridine·4-fluorobenzoic acid cocrystal (I) was characterized to provide the cocrystal as a system with an isolated carboxylic acid pyridine heterosynthon.
I had to be characterized that way in order for something to happen".
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com