Sentence examples for In ex post from inspiring English sources

In vertical relationships, when a contract is incomplete, underinvestment problems can arise because a seller's sunk investment costs are ignored in ex post negotiation with a buyer.

Flexible contracts which would dominate rigid contracts under standard assumptions cause significant shading in ex post performance, while under rigid con- tracts much less shading occurs.

This paper draws on the knowledge-base implicit in ex post evaluations of publicly funded R&D and other related conceptual and empirical studies to suggest a framework for the ex ante evaluation of the regional benefits from R&D projects.

Focusing on this important tradeoff for states, as well as other costs and benefits of the two screening regimes, this Article evaluates America's reliance on an "illegal immigration system, " the growth in ex post screening during the twentieth century, and America's unique focus on family-related immigration.

This remains to be further investigated in the future as a useful methodological tool in ex post facto studies that are based on standardised medical records [ 24, 25].

These organizations should thus invest in forecasting interaction effects in ex ante assessment, and ensure that such effects are adequately taken into account in ex post analysis.

This paper considers four issues in ex-post evaluation of animal disease interventions: firstly, a counterfactual involves simulating disease trajectories without the intervention.

Then we construct an ascending auction that implements the truth-telling equilibrium of a VCG-L mechanism in ex-post equilibrium.

Hathaway and Shapiro concede that, in its final judgment, the Nuremberg court reverted to a form of reasoning that Allied lawyers had warned against: it argued that, since the defendants should have known that their actions were wrong, the court was justified in punishing them — effectively an exercise in ex-post-facto legislation.

Hathaway and Shapiro concede that, in its final judgment, the Nuremberg court reverted to a form of reasoning that Allied lawyers had warned against: it argued that, since the defendants should have known that their actions were wrong, the court was justified in punishing them effectively an exercise in ex-post-facto legislation.

Research Question RQ6 : How do the three problem representations, i.e., heatmaps, PCP, or tables, influence users' performance in ex-post tests?