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In The Language of Morals (1952), Richard M. Hare (born 1919) agreed that in making moral judgments we are not primarily seeking to describe anything, but claimed that neither are we simply expressing our attitudes; instead, he suggested that moral judgments prescribe that is, are a form of imperative sentence (see prescriptivism).
For example: the descriptive sentence in (P1) has quite narrow descriptive content, namely, that the speaker approves of the particular object or act to which she is referring; the imperative sentence has especially direct emotive force, strongly commanding one's audience to have similar favorable attitudes; and both sentences are, of course, about attitudes.
Similarly, as a second-person imperative sentence, 'Do so as well' is passively disposed, Stevenson thinks, to be used by a speaker or writer who desires her audience either to share her favorable attitude or to engage in the particular kind of behavior demonstrated, and is actively disposed to effect that particular attitude or behavior of a hearer or reader.
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In his work on ethics, Toulmin was concerned with describing prescriptive language that is, imperative sentences and value judgments used for ethical statements while holding that ethics, or the logical study of moral language, cannot be reduced to subjective or objective facts but is a unique expression of duty or right.
Most students use the past tense when they write about their experiment in the No Template condition, but half switch to using imperative sentences or a 'command' style in the Template condition.
In his first published article, "Imperative Sentences" (1949), in his essay "Practical Reason" entered for the T.H. Green Moral Philosophy prize in 1950, and in his first book, The Language of Morals (1952), he explored the possibilities of inferring imperative conclusions from imperative, or a combination of imperative and indicative, premises.
Table 1 Contrasts between 高興 gāoxìng 'happy' and 快樂 kuàilè 'happy; joyful; cheerful' Word Collocation Sentential object -le Wish sentences Evaluational sentences Imperative sentences 高興 gāoxìng 'happy' 280 20 (7.1%) 2 (0.7%) – 5 (1.8%) 3 (1.1%) 快樂 kuàilè 'happy; joyful; cheerful' 365 – – 8 (2.2%) – –.
One modest way of putting the point is this: beliefs are like declarative sentences, which are satisfied (made true) by whether the world as it is conforms to them But desires are like imperative sentences, which are satisfied (fulfilled) by changes in the world bringing the world into conformity with them.
The Old Testament refers to ten individual commandments, even though there are more than ten imperative sentences in the two relevant texts: Exodus 20 1 17 and Deuteronomy 5 6 21.
Imperative sentences in Tamil are commonly used to make requests as well as give commands.
2) Imperative and interrogative sentences, as well as recommendations, and requests.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com