When cells sense a decrease in oxygen availability (hypoxia), they develop adaptive responses in order to sustain this condition and survive.
When bacterial cells sense a decrease in the moisture availability of the external environment, they must respond rapidly to balance the internal osmotic pressure in order to maintain viability.
When cells sense a decrease in oxygen availability, HIF-1 can enhance the stability of p53 and these two transcription factors cooperate with each other to induce apoptosis [ 55].
- Mitophagy effectively regulates mitochondrial number and their quality control by sensing a decrease in the mitochondrial inner membrane electrochemical gradient, which indicates an inability to produce ATP.
CVP shows a poor correlation to blood volume [71], is inadequate to detect hypovolemia reliably, and most notably cannot sense a decreased cardiac output and tissue oxygen debt in an early state.
CVP shows a poor correlation to blood volume [ 71], is inadequate to detect hypovolemia reliably, and most notably cannot sense a decreased cardiac output and tissue oxygen debt in an early state.
This can lead to an increase in sensing speed, a decrease in data size, and dose reduction in the case of electron microscopy [13].
Photoperiod sensitivity triggers panicle initiation in short-day (SD) plants such as sorghum when they sense an appropriate decrease in day length [ 6].
Studies have shown that the interplay and coordination according activities in prime and secondary movers may be affected by pain in the sense that a decrease in an agonist muscle activity may result in an increase in an antagonist muscle activity [ 13- 17, 19].
They exhibited a remarkable response towards low concentrations of CO and NO2 gases at low operating temperature of 200 °C, resulting in increased thermal stability of sensing films as well as a decrease in their power consumption.
While, MIF anti-sense treatment resulted in a decrease in 61 of the secreted cytokines and reduction of secreted TNF-α (4-fold) with complete loss of detectable secreted MIF and IL-1β.
