As MP for West Lothian I represented at least half of those employed at the BP chemicals plant at Grangemouth.
After S i and R i being obtained, nucleotide contents at the three codon positions are inferred in the same way, (5) A i = (1 − S i )R i, (6) T i = (1 − S i ) (1 − R i ), (7) G i = S i R i, (8) C i = S i (1 − R i ), where A i, T i, G i, and C i represent their corresponding contents at the three codon positions (i = 1, 2, 3).
Let ϕ i represent that person i is at the "Bar Phi" tonight, i∈{A,B,C}.
V i represents vertices at level i where these vertices are cluster balls' centers at level i. V = and V i ⊆ V i −1.
x t) = i represents that at time t, the state of system is i.
The likelihood function, given this information, is where m i represents age at first examination of the ith individual and δ ij is an indicator for the ith individual in state j (j=1, 2, 3).
Let a={ a1, a2,…, a L } (a i ∈ X) denote an alignment between s and t where a i represents the state at position i.
Stepping increment l i is defined as the Euclidean distance of consecutive points in the Poincare plot of VF waveform [ 26]: (1) l i = x i + 1 − x i 2 + x i + 2 − x i + 1 2 · f s, where x i represents the magnitude at the ith sample and f s is the sampling rate.
Because of the diploid assumption we have 22 L possible genotypes, ranging from 00 … 00 ︸ 2 L to 11 … 11 ︸ 2 L. Thus a genotype g is represented by a sequence of L pairs g = l ′ 1, l ″ 1, l ′ 2, l ″ 2 …, l ′ L, l ″ L, where each pair l ′ i, l ″ i represents the alleles at locus i.
MS measures the overall slope of the selected VF segment [ 13] and is calculated by the average of the slope between two points: (4) M S = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i − x i − 1 · f s, where x i represents the magnitude at the ith sample, f s is the sampling rate, and N is the length of signal.
