What haunts me is that I have previously characterized the "electric fence" as a "quirky Rube Goldberg contraption". .
In this study, we characterized the cellular toxicity caused by soluble recombinant, amyloidogenic light-chain variable domain proteins, AL-09 and AL-12, and their corresponding germline protein κI O18/O8, previously characterized in our laboratory.
Experience has shown that many RA patients present with joint tenderness and synovitis accompanied by a variety of symptoms I have previously characterized in FMS with the FIBRO mnemonic - Fatigue, Insomnia, Blues (depression and/or anxiety), Rigidity (muscle and joint stiffness), Ow! (pain and work disability) [ 5].
Three of these subtypes (I-E, I-C, I-B) have been previously characterized [ 6], with the most common (I-E) occurring in 49 strains.
Perhaps surprisingly, 105 (82.8%) of these budding pattern mutants had been previously characterized (i.e., they had three-letter gene names), though most had not been associated with abnormal budding pattern.
Differential gene expression studies typically use the fold change statistic (the ratio of mRNA quantities between two samples) as input, and have been used to discover genes involved in adaptive stress responses which have not been previously characterized (i.e., "novel genes") [ 1].
Protein sequence alignment of candidate type I VGPC toxins alongside previously characterized toxin proteins.
The C-terminal fragment was identified with SKI, a rabbit polyclonal antibody against the II-III loop of α1S (Ala739-Ile752) previously characterized [ 34].
We have also evaluated complex I activity, and, as previously characterized by our group (16, 17), sPD cybrid cell lines show a stable decrease in this mitochondrial activity (Fig. 1C).
The 121-bp sequences in these 5 clusters had an average nucleic acid (NA) sequence identity of 88%, 85 %, 81, 77%, and 80% when compared with the next closest previously characterized CoVs (i.e., BtCoV1A, BtHKU8, BtHKU77 HCoV229E, and BtCoVA970, respectively).
