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The values of N and N⊗ in the plain specimens are lesser than those in case I laminate.
In comparison with case I laminate in same environment, the maximum fracture toughness values are higher, and the maximum ( frac{dc}{dN} ) values are lesser.
(ii) In aqueous environment, crack did not grow in one but in all the aluminum layers, which is already discussed in case I laminate.
In case I laminate, the values in ambient environment, in general, increase with increase in R. In aqueous environment, the values are higher at lower R and lower at higher R. In corrosive environment, the values tend to drop with increase in R. Trends in case II laminates under ambient and corrosive environments are similar to as stated for case I laminates.
New structural efficiency diagrams are presented, showing that current design practice incurs additional mass because: (i) laminate balancing axes are not aligned with principal loading axes and (ii) principal loading ratios vary within a part with fixed ply percentages.
The paper then presents results of experimental investigations carried out on pultruded GFRP material made of polyester and E-glass fibres at two different scales: (i) laminate and (ii) full-scale profile.
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I printed up one copy of a high resolution photo – I laminated it for ease of use and transfer.
I laminated these sheets and told my Hadrian's walkers to bring a cracker toy to exchange.
"I just made M & M's with construction paper because you can't feed chocolate to 4- and 5-year-olds, then I laminated them so the kids thought they were really special," she said.
Also, at same R in case I laminates, fatigue life in ambient environment is higher than in aqueous environment at lower R and vice versa at higher R.
In comparison with case I laminates in the same environment, the maximum laminate fracture toughness values are higher, and the maximum ( frac{dc}{dN} ) values are of nearly similar magnitudes.
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