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In a simple oculomotor model, we assumed that (i) fixation locations within words are drawn randomly from a word-length dependent landing-position distribution and that (ii) target words are selected according to a pre-defined set of word-length dependent probabililties for forward saccades, word skippings, and refixations.
Three regimes can be observed: i) fixation of adaptive immunity, ii) coexistence of hosts with and without adaptive immunity, and iii) loss of adaptive immunity.
Population strata can be compared based on their allele-frequency differences, using either (i) fixation index F ST or (ii) Fisher's exact test for reference allele count observed versus the allele count expected under the null hypothesis of no population structure.
Hypo-MAA I fixation was applied to MEL cells and, after trypsinization, to ES cells.
Probe and target DNA were denatured simultaneously on a metal plate at 75°C for 2 min except for nuclei subjected to Hypo-MAA I fixation.
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Lung tissue was subjected to histological processing according to standard procedures as follows: (i) formalin fixation and paraffin-embedding; (ii) freezing with isopentane-N2, and storage at -70°C: (iii) fixation with glutaraldehyde (2%).
Processes not taken into account are (i) N fixation and ( {mathrm{NH}}_4^ ) exchange, (ii) uptake, immobilisation and reduction of ( {mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-} ) and (iii) complexation of Al3+ with OH−, ( {mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-} ) and RCOO−.
(i) N fixation evolved once presumably at the base of the potentially N-fixing clade and has since been lost multiple times.
If we specify with s i, j) the selection coefficient of nucleotide j relative to i, the fixation probabilities are approximately ν ij = 2 s i,j /[1−e − γ i,j )] (Kimura 1983).
To achieve this, we first monitored (i) the fixation and loss of favourable alleles, (ii) the maintained genetic variance, and (iii) the accuracy of selection when employing genomic or conventional selection methods.
Is a fixation on short-term profits the best guide for the business sector's approach to environmental issues?
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