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In 1908, Pathé launched and distributed newsreels and by World War I, films were meeting an enormous need for mass entertainment.
Whale created, after his experience in the trenches both World War I films and the two great Frankenstein films—Frankenstein in 1931 and Bride of Frankenstein in 1935.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand's murder was the catalyst for the Great War that haunts the cultural memory of Europe a century later but has made a less visible mark on American society — just count the World War I films versus World War II movies.
These are, of course, the "intellectual with a capital I" films that audiences might expect at a religious-theme retrospective organized by a major museum.
Fourier-transform infrared measurements demonstrate that in Type I films the hydrogen is mainly bonded to nitrogen, in contrast to Type II films, where Si H bonds dominate.
Surface related X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements show that Type II layers have higher relative silicon content, while depth profiles yield that the oxygen content Type I films is above 10 at.%.
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Figure 2 Matrix-related PL spectra of the SROEr-I films annealed at different temperatures.
FTIR spectra of the SROEr-I films annealed at different temperatures.
The inset shows the ratio of Si = O symmetric stretching mode for the SROEr-I films with different annealing temperatures.
Figure 1 FTIR spectra and the percentage of Si = O symmetric stretching mode for the SROEr-I films.
Therefore, Si NCs are believed to be the main sensitizers for Er3+ ions in the high-temperature annealed SROEr-I films.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com