In predictive coding, backward projections from one hierarchical level to its subordinate level furnish predictions of the lower level's representations, while reciprocal forward projections convey prediction errors that report the difference between the representation and the prediction (Mumford 1994).
On the facts of the case, the Court found that Article 9 had not been infringed by the prosecution of three air force officers for proselytizing to their subordinates, since the hierarchical nature of military life meant it was difficult for a subordinate to rebuff the approaches of persons of superior rank.
Hierarchical cross-certification fits well within large organizations that want their root CA to have direct control over all subordinate CAs.
The obvious implication is that all these hierarchical levels of biological organization involve subordinate elements of biological systems knowing exactly what they are doing expressing and fulfilling clear intent.
Gender as a social institution organizes social life in hierarchical, mutually exclusive categories, which maintains subordinate positions, whether material or ideological, among people within families, households or communities [ 17].
Power distance index (PDI) - Measures how people manage inequality in hierarchical relationships, i.e. manager-subordinates.
Hofstede's PDI and UAI are defined as follows: Power distance index (PDI) - Measures how people manage inequality in hierarchical relationships, i.e. manager-subordinates.
Since chimpanzee society is strictly hierarchical, the researchers thought that the more subordinate individuals might be less likely to grab a snack, or they might opt for a lower-value carrot instead of a peanut.
In traditional hierarchical organizations, managers direct the work of subordinates and thereby ensure alignment with broader organizational goals.
Based on hierarchical calculation, the value of the overall catastrophe subordinate function can be found in the same way [19, 20].
(Freud, 1914; Q173) It is interesting that Freud's notion of a finite 'reservoir' of energy and the reciprocal patterns of activation between the DMN and subordinate networks both fit comfortably with hierarchical minimization of free-energy.
