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The structures of more extended configurations are determined by specifics of covalent chemical bonds with characteristic fluctuations in charge density distribution and bond directionality.
This approach permits self-consistent calculation of the potential, in quasineutral situations where statistical fluctuations in the charge density frustrate the use of Poisson's equation.
The contribution R1 determines the scattering of light by fluctuations of charge density.
This force comes from fluctuations in charge distributions between neighboring molecules, which need not be polar; their charge fluctuations naturally fall into synch, creating an attractive force.
Waves of charge-density ripple outwards.
However, in most cases, this fluctuation is frozen and forms a charge order or so-called charge-density wave (CDW).
Charge-density wave.
Figure8a shows the in-plane charge density for all models.
The derivation follows from a functional integral representation of the partition function in terms of charge density fluctuations.
These structures, cosmologists say, originated in quantum fluctuations in the density of matter a split-second after the big bang.
This results in the enhancement of fluctuations in the density, or equivalently, the suppression of fluctuations in the conjugate phase.
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