Finally, we will incorporate the random aftershock losses into pre-mainshock financial loss estimation.
The objective of this paper is to develop formal stochastic expected financial loss estimation models over the lifetime of the building due to mainshocks and their subsequent aftershock sequences.
Without detail financial loss estimation, engineers have to face the challenge to decide whether a badly damaged building is worth retrofitting for sustainability, or needs to be demolished because existing loss estimation models are not based on the post-earthquake damage rating system.
Financial cost estimation does not take into account opportunity cost of donated resources as it only reflects monetary transactions and thus does not give a full evaluation of resource use.
This method is used in many fields, including thresholds of ecological and biological processes, software reliability estimations, financial problems, changes of control charts and the status of manufacturing, finding trends and growth rate functions, flood season segmentation, and also medical problems [ 8, 35– 35].
Besides, lack of awareness, beaurocracies, physical capacity, financial constraints, under-estimation of women by government authorities at kebele and fear of physical violence prohibited women from providing their cases to court.
"If you look at financial markets their estimation about the next three years is around... let's call it 2.5% - slightly lower or it can be slightly higher - we see that as not inconsistent with returning the economy to where it was before".
A robust minimax approach for optimal investment decisions with imprecise return forecasts and risk estimations in financial portfolio management is considered.
When data is unavailable or hard to obtain which is often the case for data on targets—estimations of financial performance can be assessed through surveys (Capron 1999).
To this end economic cost estimations supplement financial cost estimations.
