In addition, voxel-based morphometric MRI analyses and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have shown that patients with PDD demonstrate extensive grey matter atrophy and white matter microstructural alterations, respectively within the above cortical regions (Burton et al., 2004; Summerfield et al., 2005; Lee et al., 2010; Song et al., 2011; Hattori et al., 2012; Melzer et al., 2012).
Comparing DTI metrics, the most extensive white matter damage (% of significant voxels within a white matter tract) was detected in right uncinate fasciculus using TR and RD.
Imaging findings vary from unremarkable to extensive white matter oedema [16, 17, 18].
Most of the studies, have reported extensive grey matter (GM) atrophy, not confined to motor areas [8].
Figure 1 Back-scattered electron image of Acarospora sampled near Zlatna smelter, Romania (Figure3b) showing extensive particulate matter (bright phases) on upper surface and within medulla.
b Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) series in brain MR imaging showed old basal ganglia infarctions in addition to extensive white matter hyperintensities.
CAA should also be suspected in elderly patients with clinical signs of a progressive encephalopathy syndrome with seizures, in which extensive white matter abnormalities are discovered in brain MRI together with multiple CMBs with lobar and subcortical distribution (Fig. 2).
c & d axial FLAIR and post contrast T1W images of the brain at the level of middle cranial fossa (2010) demonstrate extensive white matter hyperintensity (black arrows) and heterogeneous enhancement—"Swiss-cheese" pattern in bilateral temporal lobes (white arrows).
These included primarily the SLF, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, cingulum, and also the corpus callosum, i.e. an extensive white matter network that is necessary for successful word production.
FTD is shown to be associated with more extensive white matter degradation than Alzheimer's disease.
