The installation of an outdoor OW system alleviates the most significant expenditure of fiber deployment: the digging up and repairing of roads.
However, accurate indoor positioning systems still present high costs in terms of hardware price, deployment expenditures, computational cost, and complexity, especially for very accurate solutions, such as UWB.
Thus for long term field deployments, energy expenditure estimated from the logger data could be augmented by an estimated amount as calculated above.
Our analysis is based on a throughout revision of the relevant legislation, official data on deployment and related expenditure, informal discussions with key stakeholders and written documents.
Additionally, the future heterogeneous networks are also expected to operate in self-organizing manner to reduce operational expenditures (OPEX) due to the deployment of large numbers of BSs [8].
Expenditure is higher though.
"Expenditure has exceeded income".
A cloud deployment reduces the capital expenditure required from SMBs and larger companies alike, with the added benefit of allowing businesses to be able to use the latest cutting edge technology.
Wireless networking offers simple deployment, reconfigurability, scalability, and reduced operational expenditure, and is easier to upgrade than wired solutions.
Weapons experts outside the Pentagon have argued that there is no imminent threat that would justify the program's huge expenditures, up $1.2 billion from the previous year, and the deployment of a system whose capabilities are unknown.
However, the mass deployment of ultra-dense BSs increases operators' capital expenditure (CAPEX) because of the costs for site acquisition, planning, and hardware equipment, as well as operating expenditure (OPEX) due to maintenance and power usage costs.
