With the advent of advanced tissue engineering techniques, great strides have been made toward manufacturing replacement tissues and organs, including the intestine, which aim to avoid transplant-related complications.
Systems engineering has made significant strides over the last decade with the advent of Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and the Systems Engineering Markup Language (SysML).
Scientists have already made significant strides toward engineering microörganisms that produce ethanol, bulk chemicals, and drugs from inexpensive starting materials (see "From the Labs").
In the past decade, synthetic biologists have made great strides in engineering bacteria to respond to stimuli such as environmental pollutants or markers of disease.
The field of tissue engineering has made great strides, however further research needs to be carried out to make this strategy a clinical reality.
The field of cardiac tissue engineering has made significant strides over the last few decades, highlighted by the development of human cell derived constructs that have shown increasing functional maturity over time, particularly using bioreactor systems to stimulate the constructs.
Metabolic engineering has made great strides in developing tools to optimize the flux through a target pathway, but the inherent characteristics of a particular enzyme within the pathway can still limit the productivity.
Over the past few years, researchers led by George Church, Ph.D., the Robert Winthrop Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School (HMS) and a Core Faculty Member of Harvard's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, have made important strides toward engineering the genomes of pigs to make their cells compatible with the human body.
Over the past few years, researchers led by George Church, the Robert Winthrop Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and a core faculty member of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, have made important strides toward engineering the genomes of pigs to make their cells compatible with the human body.
Even though metabolic engineering has taken long strides in manipulating the metabolic network towards the overproduction of a desired chemical, the process is hampered by bottlenecks of time and accuracy.
