Thus, the aims of this paper are to briefly review the epidemiology of VMS, describe what is known about the physiologic basis of these symptoms, and examine the global and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) effects of VMS in women, with a focus on psychosocial and economic impairments, and costs associated with treatments.
Impairment of fracture healing is linked to demographic changes in society e.g. the growing proportion of elderly people and causes not only individual but also economic damage [ 3].
However, subclinical forms of depression are associated with considerable impairment, economic costs, and increased risk for developing major depression [ 3- 5].
The standard multivariate logistic regression analysis with 'survivors versus controls' as dependent variable showed that increasing age, female sex, lack of economic problems, physical impairment, and presence of thyroid diseases were significantly associated with the dependent variable (Table 5).
Lower educational level, less affluent economic status, cognitive/physical impairment, being assisted by foreign caregivers, and some chronic diseases, such as chronic renal failure, are commonly reported poorly modifiable correlates of non-adherence.
This is probably linked to the fact that patients suffering from substance abuse or mental disorders in general may have increased socio-economic difficulties and impairment complicating their regular access to care [ 18, 21].
Research in the field of blindness has shown the economic impact of visual impairment on families, and this impact is the same for those with other forms of impairment, including neurological problems.
Vossius, C., Larsen, J. P., Janvin, C. & Aarsland, D. The economic impact of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.
Köberlein, J., Beifus, K., Schaffert, C. & Finger, R. P. The economic burden of visual impairment and blindness: a systematic review.
