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In this sprightly book whose every sentence shines with the author's love of her dual subjects, Kathleen Riley writes Adele back into the story of her brother.
Like other dual-subject EPs, it may also be used in the productive causative pattern.
There are other sets of dual-subject EPs that associate different subject roles with varied syntactic patterns.
The second type of dual-subject verbs can be used transitively or intransitively, represented by the verb 討厭 taoyan "detest/be detestable loathe/be loathsome".
The third group of dual-subject verbs show a four-way distinction, including 委屈 weiqu "aggreive," 困擾 kunrao "puzzle," and 感動 gandong "touch".
Four-way alternation with dual-subject predicates: a. Intransitive with Experiencer-subject 他很委屈/困擾/感動 ta__hen__weiqu/kunrao/gandong.
Another dual-subject verb 討厭 taoyan "detest/loathsome" predicates a Stimulus in its intransitive use, but an Experiencer in its transitive use.
Stative-causative alternation with dual-subject predicates: a. Intransitive with Experiencer-subject 他很委屈/困擾/感動 ta__hen__weiqu/kunrao/gandong.
What is more striking about subject role shift in Mandarin is that while there is a special group of dual-subject EPs which may predicate either an Experiencer or a Stimulus, in a formally unmarked, non-derived way.
What is of particular interest here is that the dual-subject verbs are able to predicate both Experiencer and Stimulus, breaking down the basic line between Experiencer-subject vs. Stimulus-subject verb classification.
Exp-subj vs. Stim-subj uses of the dual-subject predicates: As can be seen from the italic numbers in the chart, Exp-subject uses are more frequent than Stim-subject uses.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com