A decrease in anti-apoptotic proteins, pAkt, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1 and c-FLIP, coupled with an increase in the activator proteins, Bax and Bim, results in an increase in the Bax to Bcl-xL ratio that appears to be critical for sensitization and subsequent apoptosis of these resistant cells.
Excerpts from the abstract: S cells form a chain of electrically coupled neurons that extends the length of the leech CNS and plays a critical role in sensitization during whole-body shortening.
However, it remains to be demonstrated whether a single in vitro test, or several in vitro tests in combination, which model the critical steps in sensitization, can replace animal experiments for predicting contact allergic reactions in humans.
Quantity more than other sleep problems seemed to be critical for central sensitization symptoms severity in our headache series, with a strong correlation with both allodynia and pericranial tenderness.
Moreover, IL-12p70 is critical for the sensitization of high-avidity T cells which recognize and kill tumor targets directly [ 3, 14– 16].
Alterations in dopaminergic and glutamatergic transmission in the induction and expression of behavioral sensitization: a critical review of preclinical studies.
Vanderschuren, L. J. & Kalivas, P. W. Alterations in dopaminergic and glutamatergic transmission in the induction and expression of behavioral sensitization: a critical review of preclinical studies.
Moreover, activation of P2X receptors in orofacial tissues have been found to play a critical role in central sensitization of second order neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus [38].
Collectively, these results indicate that downregulation of c-FLIP is critical for LBH589-mediated sensitization of pancreatic cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
