They concoct what they call a "synthetic counterfactual", meaning a projection of how EU members' economies would have performed had they not joined the EU, by substituting data from non-member countries with similar economies.
It helps people to go on craving things that no longer give them pleasure.Businesses target such weaknesses, using food technology to concoct confections of fat, salt and sugar.
MAPLE syrup evokes bucolic images of days spent in Canadian woods tapping trees and boiling the sap to concoct an ambrosial nectar.
When the number of counterparties seems infinite, traders are free to concoct ever-more-complex schemes involving ever-greater leverage which create an ever-bigger threat of systemic collapse whenever one node in this interconnected network (such as Lehman Brothers) fails.
Companies deliberately concoct a story around their service or product, trying to turn a run-of-the-mill purchase (think of Häagen-Dazs ice cream) into something more thrilling.This peddling of superior lifestyles is something that irritates many consumers.
In "Obama and China's Rise" Jeffrey Bader, one of the architects of Mr Obama's China strategy until leaving the White House in 2011, explains in a brisk insider's narrative just how tricky it can be to concoct the "nuanced mix" of engagement and containment that Mr Kupchan advocates.
Lightning is very violent and can easily break molecules apart, scuppering attempts to concoct complex ones.
At the same time, the challengers feel compelled to concoct a theory for why Congress would have inserted such a strange provision into the ACA in the first place.
Alstom wants to sell its energy operations to GE but is under pressure from the economy minister Arnaud Montebourg to hold off in case rival Siemens of Germany can concoct a better offer.
But at least Greece and the markets would have a plan with a chance of working.No matter what fictions they concoct this week, the euro zone's leaders will sooner or later face a choice between three options: massive transfers to Greece that would infuriate other Europeans; a disorderly default that destabilises markets and threatens the European project; or an orderly debt restructuring.
In fact, Libya's effort to concoct an atom bomb never got very far, and its small stock of rudimentary chemical weapons is probably already in the rubbish bin.
