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ATP produces a rapid increase in CBF, associated with an increase of intracellular calcium levels [ 44].
Hydrolysis of the bound ATP produces a second conformational change which results in displacement of the DNA away to an adjacent ATP-bound subunit.
First evidence that peripheral blood T cells bear P2X, whose activation by ATP produces depolarization and Ca2+ influx, was obtained by Baricordi and coworkers (1996).
We were therefore surprised to find that ATP produces an effect on the digestion pattern of the H479Q mutant similar to that produced in the WT protein.
Their closure in response to metabolically generated ATP produces membrane depolarization, activation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ influx and thereby insulin granule exocytosis (Ashcroft, 2007; Henquin, 2000; Nichols, 2006).
However, the role of P2X7R in cancer is controversial; some studies have reported that P2X7R activation by ATP produces a trophic, growth-promoting effect [ 8], but according to the review by White and Burnstock [ 41], P2X7R may also decrease the number of cancer cells in contrast to P2Y2R.
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Kinesins and myosins hydrolyze ATP, producing force that drives spindle assembly, vesicle transport and muscle contraction.
By analyzing the constraints and sampling the feasible region of the model, we further study how cell proliferation rate and mitochondria-associated NADH oxidizing and ATP producing fluxes are interlinked.
On the other hand, the metabolites or intermetabolites (even amino acids and nucleotides), or coenzymes (e.g., NADH/NADPH) or cofactors (e.g., ATP) produced from one strain might regulate the growth and metabolism of another strain.
AMPK is activated by AMP and inhibited by ATP levels; activated AMPK switches off ATP consuming processes and switches on ATP producing pathways such as glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation.
Undisturbed generation of ATP, produced through NADH dehydrogenase in the respiratory chain, is required for the homeostasis of aerobic metabolism.
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