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Schematic representation of A tip and A eff (inset of c).
The evaluated A eff is reported as a function of the gate bias in Figure 2c.
While the distribution of the | | h ̄ k, a eff | | 2 under QBC can be obtained analytically, it is hard to analyze the distribution of the | | h ̄ k, a eff | | 2 under MESC.
Thus, the quantum capacitance C q can be derived as: C q = A eff C q ′ = C tot C MOS C MOS - A tip A eff C tot (2).
It has been recently demonstrated that the effective area A eff obtained by local capacitance measurements is related to the local electron mean free path l in graphene by A eff = πl 2[20].
Except for V g = 0, A eff increases linearly with |V g| both for negative and positive V g values.
Similar(13)
In Equation 2, C tot and C MOS are the capacitances measured on the top of graphene layers and on the SiO2 substrate, respectively, but the ratio A tip/A eff could not be obtained from the experiments.
Because significant forward amplification is obtained around the critical parameter ( {gamma}_c={g}_R^f Lkern0.5em P/{A}_{eff}^Rapprox 20 ), for which the amplification factor is exp(20) ≈ 108, only a small relative difference between g R b L eff and ( {g}_R^fkern0.24em L ) may lead to a nearly total vanishing of the backward Raman scattering compared to the forward scattering.
For these two cells the Eff images were identical but, across cells, either image A or image B in a pair of images could be the Eff stimulus for a cell, and neither image was significantly more likely to be the Eff image (A = Eff, n = 44; B = Eff, n = 23; P = 0.0662, χ test).
Fig. 4 Simulations of the Raman and Brillouin efficiencies versus the fiber length for a constant ( gamma ={g}_R^f {P}_{Peak} L/{A}_{eff} ) product.
Therefore, the electrical conductivity of incremental portion of DNA could be written as G DNA40 − GDNA60 = σDNA*(A Eff/L DNA). 5.
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