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These economic impacts of railroad service can be explained by a decrease in transportation costs for merchandise.
It has been unanimously recognized that a decrease in transportation costs modifies the spatial distribution of economic activity over the medium to long term [73, 92].
If the competition on a shipping route is increased, the shipping lines have an incentive to reduce their transportation costs and margins on these routes (Hummels et al. 2009) leading in turn to a decrease in transportation costs for shippers using that particular route.
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However, one can speculate that the increased total time spent for patient management might be largely counterbalanced by the decrease in transportation costs.
However, the pros and cons of clumping them together, the associated increase or decrease in transportation needs, and the ecological and aesthetic impacts, all need to be addressed in the spatial planning of "energy landscapes".
Recent statistics published by the Syrian Investment Agency, a state-run firm that oversees investment in Syria's infrastructure, transportation and agriculture sectors, pointed to a decrease in consumer and investor confidence.
After cryopreservation (the freeze/thaw cycle) and transportation, recovered NK cells often experience a decrease in function.
The World Health Organization, in discussing the root causes of obesity, has cited a "decrease in physical activity due to the increasingly sedentary nature of many forms of work, changing modes of transportation and increasing urbanization".
"Ivan took a decrease in compensation last year.
"There is a decrease in fidelity".
Our study showed that transportation in Liquid Amies medium could be performed at room temperature or 4°C for up to 14 days without a decrease in recovery of MRSA or VRE.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com