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Open image in new window Fig. 2 Substation protection unit setting-value mirror SCD file format.
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The National Grid announced its preferred locations for the 19-acre (7.6ha) substation more than a year ago.
This system consists of 12 substations, 26 substation transformers and 114 feeders, as is shown in Fig. 3.
Open image in new window Fig. 7 Substation area joint defensive protection strategy process.
Open image in new window Fig. 12 Substation display with one-line diagram and data trend.
The proposed 19-acre (7.6ha) substation could be linked to more than 100 pylons in a corridor along the Vyrnwy Valley and parts of Shropshire.
The system load is composed of 83 substation loads at 220 kV (N = 83), of which the corresponding peak load curves are plotted in Fig. 2b.
The system is insecure without enough DGs output under current operating point, 4 feeders and 3 substation transformers fail in N − 1 test.
Open image in new window Fig. 8 Substation power system and communication structure Open image in new window Fig. 9 Influence of VLAN on Ethernet delay.
Proprietary systems like ABB PSGuard PSG830/PSG850, Siemens Siguard Phasor Data Processor (PDP), Schweitzer Engineering Laboratory SEL-3373/SEL-3378, or Alstom Grid S800 substation Phasor Data Concentrator (sPDC) are used for medium- and high-voltage grid monitoring today [12].
Assuming the fault occurred at 45 kM in line 3 4 from substation 3, the initial traveling wave-front arrival times are recorded in Table 3.
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