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They are related to β-lactam (Table 2), multidrug efflux (Table 3) and other resistance genes (Table 4).
In addition, the parasite strains obtained in this study share variant alleles with BrazilI in 2 multidrug resistance associated transporters, pvmdr and pvmrp.
Similarly, Mrp 2 multidrug resistance associated protein 2 and breast cancer resistance protein (BcRP) and CAR are detected and expressed in rat and mouse brain capillaries [ 170].
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These findings suggest that these hierarchical 3D multidrug scaffolds are promising candidates as platforms for local bone infection therapy.
Set 1 consisted of strains with variant Salmonella Genomic Island 1 (SGI1) multidrug resistance (MDR) regions of which the antibiotic resistance profiles and genotypes were known.
ABCG2 (breast cancer resistance protein), OCT1 (organic cation transporter 1), and ABCB1 (multidrug resistance protein 1) gene products are known to play a crucial role in acquired pharmacogenetic TKI resistance.
The ALL2 group contained samples from patients with (n = 24) or without (n = 101) multidrug resistance.
Furthermore, our data demonstrated that MDR1 (multidrug resistance 1) and ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2) were upregulated in CD44+/CD24− cells.
ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C, member 2/ multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Abcc2/ Mrp2), were down-regulated only by CsA, while Bsep/ ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B, member 11 Abcb11) and solute carrier family 10 (sodium/bile acid cotransporter family), member 1/ Na + −taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (Slc10a1/Ntcp) were down-regulated only by CPZ.
(3) Multidrug Resistance Proteins (MRPs).
These include the overexpression of the genes p53 [ 11- 14], MDR1 (multidrug resistance gene 1) [ 14- 16], MRP1 (multidrug resistance-associated protein), or the induction of DNA repair [ 14].
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