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The leafing phenophases include different categories such as: 1) leafless stage; 2) leaf initiation; 3) leaf expansion; and 4) leaf senescence.
Figure 2 Leaf SEM microphotographs of Begonia.
Fig. 2 Leaf morphology of P. rungsuriyanum. a The adaxial surface of leaves.
Minimum temperature (rs = −0.68, P < 0.0001) is negatively significant during current months (Figure 4). Figure 2 Leaf initiation and rainfall in canopy trees of Bhadra wildlife sanctuary.
Significant differences (Tukey test, α < 5%%) are marked with different letters Fig. 2 Leaf damage of maize plants exposed to a root zone temperature of 12 14 °C for 2 weeks in a cooling system.
Figure 2 Leaf respiration ( R D ) trend of P. lentiscus ( close squares ), P. latifolia ( open circles ), M. communis ( close triangles ) and Q. ilex ( open squares ) during the study period.
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Despite these trends, the role of phylogeny did outweigh climate in three families (Phylogeny/Climate ratios >1, Figure 2): Leaf-out timing in the only two Conifer families present in this study (Pinaceae and Cupressaceae), as well as in the Oleaceae was better explained by species relatedness, phylogeny explained 4.4%, 7.4% and 12% of the variation in leaf-out timing respectively.
40529_2017_166_MOESM2_ESM.xls Additional file 2. Leaf characters by species in Asteraceae.
In September, Acer seedlings had higher water use cm−2 leaf surface area under 25 than 100 mg N L−1.
However, the seedlings from one Malus tree had higher water use cm−2 leaf surface area than those from the other tree, even though the extant trees were separated by less than 20 m.
Sclerophylly index (SI) was calculated following Boeger and Wisniewski (2003) where SI = leaf dry mass (g)/2 leaf area (cm2), considering SI > 0.6 as sclerophylly and SI < 0.6 as mesophylly).
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