For example, Bell et al. (2008) estimated the association between high temperature and mortality using single day lags of 0, 1, 2, and 3 days and cumulative lags up to 1 week (lags 0 6) using a moving average.
Thus the 3 week lag between ILI in GP and laboratory surveillance may simply reflect a threshold effect where mild infections are detected early in the outpatient surveillance system, while the upsurge in hospitalized cases needs the build-up of sufficient numbers of cases before the more severe complications of disease would trigger hospital admissions.
By protocol, exposure reporting was to occur on the last day of the week (Sunday) so that a prospective 1-week lag period between exposure and outcome in the following week could be assessed.
In Study 1, we measured both future work self and career exploration at two time points with an 8-week lag among 133 Chinese university students.
Regional results for temperature (7 weeks lag) and relative humidity (5 weeks lag) were combined in a using meta regression model (with a random intercept for 'region').
In the model, we tested for a 1-week lag for the in situ HAB cell count.
The best query for chickenpox had a 1-week lag, i.e., was 1 week behind the incidence time series.
We used a 1-week lag on the calculation to avoid any recorded causes of death in the medical record being used to predict death.
Seventeen signals detected only by HLMrefined were attributable to accounting for lags in data accrual (10 signals were first detectable after 1-week lag, 4 signals after 2 weeks, 2 signals after 3 weeks, and 1 signal after 4 weeks).
Correlations were highly significant (Pearson's correlation coefficients all < –0.5; p<0.0001) for pneumococcal disease and temperature, with time lags ranging from 0 to 8 weeks (highest r –0.82 with a 1-week lag).
*Association between melioidosis cases and weather conditions during the week of disease onset (no lag), 1 week before disease onset (1-week lag), and 2 weeks before disease onset (2-week lag).
