Soil was a slightly calcareous chernozem with 0.0 % coarse, 53.0 % sand, 30.0 % silt, 17.0 % clay, 3.3 % organic matter, 7.0 pH KCl and 7.17 pH H2O.
The soils in the study have a CEC of <10 cmol kg−1, silt loam textures and Fed values of 0.5 4.3%.
Selected soil properties were as follows: 0.60 kg kg−1 silt content; 0.27 kg kg−1 clay content; 0.005 kg kg−1 organic matter; 8.00 cmol kg−1 cation exchange capacity; and 5.21 cmol kg−1 Na exchange capacity.
The trial compared mouldboard plough, chisel, paraplow, shallow tillage and no-tillage systems on a well-drained Orthic Luvisol with 160 g kg−1 clay, 310 g kg−1 silt, and under a climate that has a mean annual precipitation of 1180 mm.
Minimum petiole diameter (4.58 cm) was noticed in T0 (silt) (Table 2).
While, minimum plant height (28.83 cm) was observed in T0 (Silt).
Table 1 Different treatment combinations of agricultural wastes used as growing media Treatments Combinations Ratio by volume (v:v v) T0 Control (garden soil = GS) T1 Silt + farm yard manure + top soil (SFT) 1 1 1 T2 Silt + coconut coir dust + top soil (SCT) 1 1 1 T3 Silt + Lahore compost + top soil (SLT) 1 1 1 T4 Silt + sand + top soil (SST) 1 1 1 T5 Silt + top soil + leaf compost (STL) 1 1 1.
It presents that the peak shear strength decreased with increasing percent of silt content till 30° silt content (LFC).
In brief, sand and silt fractions ≥20 µm were measured by sieving after treatment with H2O2, silt, and clay <20 µm and using the pipette procedure.
Relative width of core sections represents grain size composition (1 mainly silt and clay, 2 sand, 3 sand and gravel, 4 mainly gravel).
In this study, grave simulations (without buried corpses) were set up at three differently textured sites in Germany (S1: sandy loam, S2: silt loam, S3: clay loam texture) with clay contents ranging from 6 to 35%.
