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A key interaction for immunological tolerance is between the receptors programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death-1 (PD-1).
Cancer cells exploit the expression of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) ligand 1 (PD-L1) to subvert T-cell-mediated immunosurveillance.
One of the recently discovered pathways that tumors use is the overexpression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).
Nivolumab targets a checkpoint protein on the surface of T cells called programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1).
Remarkable clinical efficacy, durable response and low toxicity of programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) checkpoint blockades have been observed in various malignancies.
Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is frequently observed in human cancers.
Anantharaman, A. et al. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in muscle invasive and metastatic bladder cancer patients.
We analysed sixty patients with advanced desmoplastic melanoma who had been treated with antibodies to block programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or PD-1 ligand (PD-L1).
Chen, L. et al. Constitutive neuronal expression of the immune regulator, programmed death 1 (PD-1), identified during experimental autoimmune uveitis.
Interaction of this ligand with its receptor programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1; or CD279) inhibits T-cell activation and cytokine production.
Other immunotherapy treatments interfere with the binding of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) protein with its ligand PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1).
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