Mechanisms that have been implicated in down-modulation of immune activation in natural hosts include early induction of an anti-inflammatory response [11], absence of microbial translocation [12], paucity of CCR5+ CD4+ T lymphocytes [13], decreased responsiveness of plasmacytoid dendritic cells to SIV [14], and preservation of Th17 CD4+ T lymphocytes [15], [16].
The major histological findings in non-NICCD infants were multinucleated giant cell transformation and features compatible with INH (n=9), paucity of interlobular bile duct (n=4), fatty changes (n=1; Patient 10) and severe periportal fibrosis (n=1).
The items 3 (paucity of expressive gestures), 7 (lack of vocal inflections), 15 (impersistence at work or school) and 18 (recreational interests and activities) had statically significant odds ratios of 4.6 (CI 0.9 21.8), 2.4 (CI 0.7 8.8), 3.0 (CI 1.8 4.9) and 2.1 (CI 0.9 4.9) respectively, and were associated with the diagnosis of psychotic disorder.
Measures of patient adherence are impeded by 1) lack of agreement on the best methods to measure medication adherence, 2) paucity of integrated data systems that include both prescription and medication dispensing data, and 3) a sparse body of research on interventions to improve medication adherence (85).
While significant advances have been made in genetic methods [ 15, 16], the paucity of high quality antibodies is considered a significant limitation for zebrafish research [ 17].
Under small values of θ (0.001 here), which are commonly observed in empirical data [22], [35] [37], the paucity of informative sites in short sequences may introduce a downward bias in the estimates (Table 1).
Given that only a few introns have been detected within the diplomonad G. lamblia [ 20, 21], a paucity of introns could represent the ancestral state of the diplomonads.
10.7554/eLife.05422.007 Figure 5. Paucity of local input to M1-L4 neurons from L2/3 and other layers.
Since Vγ6/Vδ1+ γδ T cells are normally generated in the fetal thymus [28], the paucity of CD122+ γδ thymocytes in WT γδTCR Tg mice may be due to decreased or negligible expression of the ligand for the Vγ6/Vδ1 γδTCR in the adult thymus.
These include tight junctions between adjacent endothelial cells [2], a paucity of pinocytotic vesicles [3], [4] and a lack of fenestrations (perforations) [5] [7].
S. wallichii (Figures 7c, 7d), and C. arborea (Figures 7e, 7f) showed greater paucity of younger individuals in 10 to 30 cm girth class.
