In 2006, PAHO's TAG further expanded routine vaccination to include children aged 6-23 months [ 10].
The lack of public services that is common in some socially isolated areas further increases societal vulnerability (McMichael et al. 2004; PAHO 2011; PAHO and WHO 2007).
Even with the use of more flexible statistical frameworks (Box et al., 2013) and a wealth of new data (Ministério da Saúde, 2014a, 2014b; PAHO, 2014), the identified associations may well be highly dependent on how disease outbreaks are defined.
Public health impacts of disasters and post-disaster health needs vary with the type of disasters (Table 1) (Lechat 1976; Lechat 1990; Guha-Sapir 1991; Noji 2000; PAHO 2000a).
For health, this term has been operationalized since 2000, by World Health Organisation [ 4], Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) [ 5], and Brinkerhoff and Bossert [ 2], among others.
Consequently, WHO adopted ART in 1994 [ 18], the WHO Africa Office included ART in its strategic oral health policy guidelines 1999 2008 [ 19], and PAHO recommended the use of ART to manage dental caries in Latin-American countries [ 15].
All BPs were measured in accordance with JNC7 and PAHO protocols – allowing for 5 min of seated rest before BP was measured with arm at heart level, feet on the ground, preferring right arm unless contraindicated.
We reviewed our antimicrobial drug recommendations on the basis of susceptibility testing of Haitian epidemic V. cholerae isolates (17 ) with PAHO technical experts.
Initial recommendations, presented to MSPP on October 27, 2010, and November 1, 2010, by PAHO and CDC, respectively, did not support cholera vaccination because of pressing needs for priority interventions of safe water provision and cholera treatment measures, and limited immediate vaccine availability (Technical Appendix 1).
When a disaster strikes, the first-line lifesaving disaster response usually comes from local volunteers and people affected by the disaster (PAHO 2000c; IRIN 2005; WHO 2010a).
