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The objective function (1) minimized total cost z expressed in currency of reference.
Species tree reconciliation analyses with every spidroin phylogeny indicated that rooting on the branch leading to Bothriocyrtum californicum fibroin 1 minimized costs associated with gene duplications and losses.
As compared to the commonly used vectors, benefits of this design include: (1) minimized non-expressing clones, (2) enhanced stable mAb productivity without gene amplification, (3) control of LC and HC expression at defined ratios, and (4) consistent product quality.
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Fig. 1 3D and 2D structure of energy minimized tyrosine derivatives Fig. 2 Minimized secondary structure of a COX-2 (3NT1) b COX-1 (3KK6) c hERG protein (homology model).
A stable and sterically acceptable conformation was first calculated by conventional molecular mechanics and then by Monte Calro in detail, which gave 10 minimized conformations with the lowest energy.
In addition to 2D similarity searching, 3D similarity searching is provided on Pub3D database using 12-dimensional molecular shape descriptors [20] calculated for our Pub3D database of 3D minimized structures of PubChem compounds.
The average observed interstellar extinction curve (Whittet, 2003) is then compared with the model curves formed from a χ2 minimized and best-fit linear combination of the composite and graphite grains (for details, see Vaidya and Gupta, 1999).
The allocation ratio of 2 1 minimized inconvenience and discomfort of patients not receiving the active treatment and having severe clinical signs.
Also, the deletion of the endogenous aldose reductase GRE3 minimized background XR activity and decreased xylitol formation [ 24].
For comparison with experiment, the chemical shift of each hydrogen was averaged among the 20 minimized structures for each construct.
For a wide range of eukaryote, archaeal, and bacterial taxa, they found that a LGT penalty of 3.0 and a duplication penalty of 2.0 minimized genome flux.
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