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The measured resolution is 1 LSB r.m.s.
The average INL and DNL are less than 1 LSB and 1 LSB, respectively.
The focus of this paper is on versatile connection detailing called Lagscrewbolt (Fig. 1, LSB) that was developed for semirigid connection (Komatsu et al. 1999).
Measurement data are acquired using a 16-bit ADC chip, where ±5 V input range corresponds to 14 bits with 1 LSB (least significant bit) of 0.61 mV.
This is called false-negative detection and it occurs because MSBs are mapped to watermarks, which is equivalent to mapping 4 MSB symbols to 1 LSB symbol and thus it facilitates tampering.
One of the original fragile image watermarking techniques was proposed in 1995 by Walton [1], and it is a 7MSB 1LSB technique (i.e., it uses 7 MSBs for watermark generation and 1 LSB for watermark embedding).
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The use of overlapping subranges reduced the DNL error from +5.14/−1 LSB to +1.27/−0.92 LSB, and improved the INL error from +5.35/−5.34 LSB to +3.17/−3.18 LSB.
Furthermore, with the frequency variation from 0.9 GHz to 1.1 GHz, the PEC still has DNL ±0.21 LSB, and INL ±0.29 LSB.
Pemetrexed significantly improved OS compared with placebo in patients with ECOG PS 0 (HR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39 0.82, P = 0.0027) and LSB (HR 0.64, 95% CI: 0.49 0.85, P = 0.0019), in addition to other demographic/clinical subgroups with the upper limit of 95% CI <1. Figure 2A and B shows the Kaplan Meier curves by treatment (pemetrexed versus placebo) within ASBI subgroups for PFS.
Its other achievements are |INL| ≤ 0.988 LSB, |DNL| ≤ 0.99 LSB, and SFDR ≃ 73 dB.
The result is a speed of 100 MS/s, an ultralow glitch of ≃10.91 fAs, |INL| ≤ 0.988 LSB, |DNL| ≤ 0.99 LSB, and a spurious-free dynamic range of ≃73 dB.
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