To directly test whether glycolysis was essential for neuroprotection, we focused on three glycolytic enzymes represented by a single member in the C. elegans genome including enol-1 (enolase 1), gpi-1 (glucose 6-phosphate isomerase), and tpi-1 (triosephosphate isomerase).
Recent studies, however show that the APLA in leprosy patients are heterogeneous with respect to their β2 GPI requirement: in 10 of 31 leprosy sera, the APLA were β2 GPI dependent & 16 of 31 were β2 GPI independent [ 3].
aβ 2 GPI anti-beta2-glycoprotein I, aCL anti-cardiolipin.
aβ 2 GPI anti-beta2-glycoprotein I, aCL anti-cardiolipin, aPG anti-phosphatidylglycerol, aPI anti-phosphatidylinositol, aPS anti-phosphatidylserine, aPT anti-prothrombin, OD optical density.
Figure 3 GPI anomalies (color) and the TCG points (black dots) in (a) the active year and (b) the non-active year.
We previously showed that phagocytosis of Leishmania proceeds through a subset of lipid-enriched membrane microdomains called caveolae, which are enriched in cholesterol, ganglioside M-1 (GM-1), GPI anchored proteins and caveolins-1, -2 and -3 [7]–[9].
Computer modeling has also been used to suggest that the glycan portion of the Thy-1 GPI anchor occupies a carbohydrate-binding site of the protein domain (44).
The expression vector pCR3.1gpi, encoding the mammalian Thy-1 GPI signal sequence under control of the CMV promoter was a gift from C. Beghadi (University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland).
The cDNAs encoding human GH and the ecGHR were cloned without stop codons upstream of the Thy-1 GPI signal sequence in pCR3.1gpi to generate the ecGHR GPI and GH-GPI constructs.
