Fig. 4 desertification susceptibility areas for main indicators.
This paper presents a thematic analysis of 31 exploratory interviews with representatives of 14 desertification policy and management organisations operating at different scales about their use of DISTs; specifically GIS, remote sensing, simulation models, statistical models and DSS.
These include (1) intensification of summer precipitation in East Asia and northern India, (2) desertification of inland Asia, (3) intensification of the Somali Jet offshore from Somalia and the Arabian Peninsula, and (4) intensification of the EAWM.
Unsustainable fuel wood use may lead to deforestation (40) and desertification (49).
The sand rice seeds were collected at Shapotou Desert Research & Experiment Station (SPT, 37°27′38″N, 104°59′59″E) and Naiman Desertification Research Station (NM, 42°59′23″N, 120°46′01″E), Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The upper limit of 21 My is within the range of the Miocene and Pliocene fossil flora in southern Europe that are present today in Macaronesia [1], [50] and some of the dramatic paleogeological/paleoclimatic events in northern Africa and Europe (e.g., the Betic crisis [15 16 mya], the Messinian salinity crisis [6.5-5.5 [6.5-5.59]–[71], and the Sahara desertification [7 mya], [69] [71]
Bauhinia might have become depauperate and finally extinct in Europe after the Oligocene with the uplift of the Himalayan-Tibetan plateau [ 101], the desertification in the Asian interior [ 102], the establishment of the Asian monsoon system [ 103], and the desiccation of the Mediterranean Sea [ 104].
WUE, the amount of carbon fixed per amount of water used, has been used as an indicator of desertification [47, 48] is assumed to increase with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration [9].
A strong climate-peace agreement would also include a program to plant vast numbers of native-species trees in the Middle East and the Mediterranean, to draw down atmospheric CO2, reduce desertification, and promote cooler and moister climates.
Several comparison studies have been carried out on the performance of these three techniques, CVA, PCA and MAD, also in desertification studies [2, 15, 16].
Youth aged 10 17 years residing in desertification (1.38 [1.02–1.87]) and emerging high-income neighborhoods (1.52 [1.17–1.98]), however, were at higher risk for type 1 diabetes (Table 1).
