Exact(18)
The highest number of DEGs was detected in the two varieties following inoculation with P. viticola at 1 dai.
In Mgaloblishvili, P. viticola does not penetrate the cell wall until haustorium formation, which occurred by 1 dai (Fig. 1A).
The plant usually responds to P. viticola infection after contact between the first haustorium and the plant cell membrane20,21, which occurs within 1 dai.
In Pinot noir, pathogen inoculation induced a downregulation of genes involved in the plant defense mechanism from 1 dai, which was not detected in a previous study5.
Consequently, we showed the results of the subsequent analyses carried out on the DEGs observed at 1 dai, unless otherwise specified.
Schematic representation of the putative resistance mechanism of Mgaloblishvili (in green) against P. viticola (in purple) based on the overexpression of genes involved in the plant defense pathway at 1 dai.
Similar(42)
F-F': 15 DAI; G-H: 22 DAI; I: 35 DAI; J: 42 DAI; K-L: photographs of a gall with females protruding from the root and egg masses induced by M. incognita.
Starting at 5 DAI, TRV NAG plants were irrigated every other day with 1 mM PBA or distilled water until 25 DAI.
Giant cells formed from 2 days after infection (DAI) with M. graminicola and from 6 DAI with M. incognita.
The four genes chitinase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, pathogenesis-related protein PR-1, and peroxidase were induced from about 10- to 60-fold at early stages (3 h–1 DAI) during the incompatible interactions but were not expressed at later time points.
The signals for all three starches weakened towards 12 DAI.
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