Exact(3)
To obtain reliable sequence and allele information, we limited our dataset to (1) ancestor alleles were determined based on sequences from all three primates and (2) intron sequences must be mapped precisely in genomic sequences.
This scheme yielded 32 clones for genome sequencing (16 tips + 15 nodes + 1 ancestor).
We suggest that gene h could have been lost in the genomes of similarity group 2 from a group 1 ancestor because it encodes a structural homolog of a head decoration protein (see above and section Accessory genome), therefore it seems to belong to the head module of the phage genome.
Similar(56)
There are four parameters in the model: θ0 = 4 N0μ for the ancestor 123, θ1 = 4 N1μ for the ancestor 12, and two species divergence times τ0 and τ1.
In (Fig. 15) Ancestor 2 is the ancestor of all the reptiles but, as highlighted on this figure, the Reptilia does not include all of ancestor 2's descendants; ancestor 4 and the birds have been removed from the group.
So, on this tree you can see that (1) the amniotic egg originated in ancestor 1 and was passed on to all of its descendants (mammals, ancestor 2, turtles, ancestor 3, ancestor 4, crocodiles, birds, ancestor 5, tuataras, and lizards plus snakes).
In evolutionary terms, the amniotic egg is a unique trait that is shared only by ancestor 1 and all of its descendants; (2) a special type of skin protein (β keratin) originated in ancestor 2 and was passed on to all of its descendants (turtles, ancestor 3, ancestor 4, crocodiles, birds, ancestor 5, tuataras and lizards plus snakes).
In a second round of duplication, MT3 diverged from the MT1/MT2 ancestor.
Furthermore, Latrodectus MaSp2 appears to have a MaSp1 ancestor, meaning that MaSp2 is a divergent MaSp1 paralog [25].
For each combination of indel and substitution rate, nine genomes are evolved from a 1Mbp ancestor according to a previously inferred phylogeny [9].
Also, sequence analysis showed that 2 classes of nsHbs exist in higher plants: class 1 and class 2 nsHbs (nsHb-1 and nsHb-2, respectively)., However, recent analysis revealed that apparently only nsHbs-1 exist in cultivated monocots, which diverged into clade I and clade II nsHbs (nsHb-I and nsHb-II, respectively) from a nsHb-1 ancestor.
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